2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. Thyroid Hormone Receptor

Thyroid Hormone Receptor

THR

Thyroid Hormone Receptor

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Thyroid hormone receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus. Thyroid hormone receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors that mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone (T3). Thyroid hormone receptors are encoded by two genes, one for TRα and another for TRβ, which encode the major isoforms of TR, including TRα1, TRα2, TRβ1, and TRβ2. The thyroid hormone receptors mediate the pleiotropic activities of the thyroid hormone (T3) in growth, development, and differentiation and in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

Thyroid hormone receptors are zinc finger transcription factors in the erbA superfamily that bind DNA at specific response element sequences (thyroid hormone response elements, TREs) and activate gene expression in response to thyroid hormone (T3). Thyroid hormone receptors have been shown to bind DNA as monomers, homodimers, or heterodimers with another erbA superfamily member, the retinoid X receptor (RXR).

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1664R
    Iopanoic acid (Standard)
    Iopanoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Iopanoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Iopanoic acid is an inhibitor of 5'-Deiodinase and also an iodinated contrast medium.
    Iopanoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0346R
    Propylthiouracil (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Propylthiouracil (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propylthiouracil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propylthiouracil (6-n-Propylthiouracil), a thioamide antithyroid agent, is an orally active thyroperoxidase and type-1 deiodinase (DIO1) inhibitor. Propylthiouracil can be used for the Graves disease and hyperthyroidism research.
    Propylthiouracil (Standard)
  • HY-A0070AS3
    Liothyronine-d3
    		Activator
    Liothyronine-d3 is deuterated labeled Liothyronine (HY-A0070A). Liothyronine is an active form of thyroid hormone. Liothyronine is a potent thyroid hormone receptors TRα and TRβ agonist with Kis of 2.33 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.
    Liothyronine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-182769
    TRβ agonist-4
    		Agonist
    TRβ agonist-4 is an orally bioavailable, liver-targeted selective agonist of hTHR-β (EC50=6.0 nM), with a 105.3-fold selectivity over THR-α. TRβ agonist-4 exists in multiple crystal forms, including Form A, Form B, Form C, Form D, Form E, as well as an amorphous form. TRβ agonist-4 can be used for research related to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
    TRβ agonist-4
  • HY-174805
    THRβ receptor agonist-2
    		Agonist
    THRβ receptor agonist-2 (Example 7-4) is a THRβ receptor agonist. THRβ receptor agonist-2 can be used for research of liver disorder or a cardiometabolic disease.
    THRβ receptor agonist-2
  • HY-B1234S
    Octinoxate-13C,d3
    		Agonist
    Octinoxate-13C,d3 is the deuterium labeled Octinoxate (HY-W245806). Octinoxate (Octyl methoxycinnamate) is a thyroid hormone receptor agonist, reducing the levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and transcription levels of genes related to type II deiodinase (deio2) in Japanese Medaka. Octinoxate is commonly used as a safe ultraviolet (UV) filter used in the aquatic environment. Octinoxate inhibits CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 to regulate hyaluronan (HA) (HY-B0633A) metabolism in a PI3K pathway-dependent manner in human keratinocytes. Octinoxate also exhibits an anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic effect in vitro and in vivo.
    Octinoxate-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B1201R
    Tiratricol (Standard)
    Tiratricol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tiratricol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tiratricol is an orally available thyroid hormone analog that inhibits pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion. Tiratricol is an intracellular toxin neutralizer that inhibits LPS and lipid A cytotoxicity with IC50s of 20 μM and 32 μM, respectively. Tiratricol reduces TNF production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Tiratricol also has antiviral activity and is an inhibitor of yellow fever virus (Flavivirus). It can bind to the RdRp domain of the viral NS5 protein to hinder YFV replication..
    Tiratricol (Standard)
  • HY-160416
    THR-β modulator-2
    		Modulator
    THR-β modulator-2 (compound 40) is a thyroid hormone receptor β (THR-β) modulator.
    THR-β modulator-2
  • HY-126236R
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid (Standard)
    		Modulator
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid is a thyroid hormone analog, induces α-myosin heavy chain mRNA expression, binds to thyroid hormone receptor (TR), with Ka of 2.40 and 4.06 M-1 for TRα1 and TRβ1, respectively. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid promotes angiogenesis in 3-D human dermal microvascular endothelial cell sprouting assay. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid prevents myocardial arteriolar loss in thyroidectomized rats and enhances cardiac energy-generating capacity in postinfarction heart failure rats. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic can be used in studies related to angiogenesis and heart failure.
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid (Standard)
  • HY-14823R
    Sobetirome (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Sobetirome (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sobetirome. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sobetirome (GC-1) is a thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ)-specific agonist which bind selectively to TRβ-1 with an EC50 of 0.16 μM.
    Sobetirome (Standard)
  • HY-W010669R
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Standard)
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone in the treatment of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Standard)
  • HY-B0208R
    Methimazole (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Methimazole (Standard) (Thiamazole (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Methimazole (HY-B0208) . This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methimazole (Thiamazole) is an anti-thyroid agent, which blocks thyroid hormone production from the thyroid gland. Metamizol can cause hepatotoxicity.
    Methimazole (Standard)
  • HY-18341AR
    L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (Standard)
    L-Thyroxine (sodium salt pentahydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Thyroxine (sodium salt pentahydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone for the research of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active thyroid hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).
    L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (Standard)
  • HY-U00220
    KAT681
    KAT681 is a liver-selective thyromimetic.
    KAT681
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity